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Occupy Harvard was a student demonstration at Harvard University identifying itself with the global Occupy Movement. It sought to create a forum for discussing economic inequality at Harvard, in the United States, and throughout the world. It criticized Harvard's influence on global economic policy and its involvement with the American financial sector. It also supported wage campaigns by Harvard workers and a divestment demand initiated by Hotel Workers Rising. Facing resistance from administration and police, the group established an encampment in Harvard Yard after a march on November 9, 2011. Immediately after this march, the gates to Harvard Yard were locked and only people with Harvard identity cards were allowed through. Although the encampment gained many faculty supporters, it was not popular among Harvard undergraduates. The security checkpoints were not removed until after the group packed up its tents in December 2011. Occupy Harvard continued to organize into 2012, with a focus on the university's library system. The demonstration raised issues of privilege and economic inequality, particularly as they relate to students and administration at one of the world's wealthiest and best-known universities.〔Mary Carmichael and Billy Baker., "(Occupy Harvard left up to students: Harvard officials decide to keep Harvard Yard locked in wake of Occupy tents )", ''Boston Globe, November 11, 2011.〕 Supporters described Occupy Harvard as a "fight for Harvard's soul", questioning whether the university would "continue to prioritize money above social justice".〔 Opponents called the demonstrators over-privileged and under-informed attention seekers.〔 ==Background== Harvard University is one of the most exclusive universities in the world, with an admission rate of 5.9%.〔Blake Ellis, "(Harvard, Princeton post record low acceptance rates )", ''CNN Money'', March 30, 2012.〕 Harvard is famous for its wealthy graduates but also for its generous financial aid programs.〔Timothy Noah, "(Does Harvard's 'affirmative action for the affluent' screw the proles? )", ''Slate'', February 3, 2011.〕 Its financial endowment of over $30 billion, on which it does not pay taxes, is the largest in the world.〔Jodi Upton and Christopher Schnaars, "(Endowments fund dorms, salaries—and sometimes tuition )", ''USA Today'', September 9, 2012.〕 It is one of the world's richest non-profits, competing only with the Catholic Church (and perhaps the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation).〔Maryam Monalisa Gharavi, "(Crimson Front )", ''LA Review of Books'', November 13, 2011.〕 Many Harvard graduates work in the financial sector based on Wall Street; many others hold prominent positions in the world of business. Prominent faculty such as former president Larry Summers—who become director of the National Economic Council under Obama—have played major roles in shaping United States economic policy. This status has led critics to connect Harvard closely with America's domestic and international economic policies.〔Charles H. Ferguson, "(Heist of the century: university corruption and the financial crisis )", ''Guardian'', May 21, 2012.〕 Harvard's investments have also come under scrutiny (as they did during divestment campaigns targeting apartheid in South Africa), with particular criticism leveled at holdings in HEI Hotels & Resorts.〔 Harvard has been the site of workers' campaigns, notably the long-term Harvard Living Wage Campaign which peaked in 2001. This movement—which established an open 100-tent shantytown in Harvard Yard—won concessions from Harvard including the formation of a jobs committee and a moratorium on outsourcing.〔Amy Offner, "(Winning a Sit-In )", ''Troublemakers' Union'' (accessed October 12, 2012).〕〔Andrew S. Holbrook, "(Pitching Tents, Pitching In )", ''Harvard Crimson'', May 2, 2001.〕 In general, student activism at Harvard is limited to official channels. Although many Harvard students are involved in community service or public policy, these avenues for change have been criticized (in the words of a queer student activist at Harvard) as "technocratic," and oriented towards "research solutions, policy solutions, economic solutions, bureaucratic solutions to all problems rather than any type of social movement." Another student said, "It’s uncomfortable to acknowledge one’s own privilege and position—it can feel like a personal attack."〔 Occupy Wall Street (itself inspired by the Arab Spring began on September 17, 2011, sparking a wave of public encampments that came to be known as the Occupy Movement. Students at Harvard began organizing in response to that movement, and began to collaborate with the Occupy Boston encampment established on September 30, 2011.〔Jose A. DelReal, "(Students Join 'Occupy Protests )", ''Harvard Crimson'', October 7, 2011.〕 Harvard workers, many of them members of Local 615 (SEIU) and Local 26 (UNITE HERE!), also joined with Occupy Boston and helped to plan Occupy Harvard.〔Mercer R. Cook, "(Harvard Union Members Join Occupy Boston Movement )", ''Harvard Crimson'', October 13, 2010.〕 The ''Harvard Crimson'' generally opposed the Occupy actions, and defended police officers who arrested Harvard students at Occupy Boston.〔〔Crimson staff, "(Brutality? Hardly: The Boston Police were not at fault in stopping illegal protests )", ''Harvard Crimson'', October 13, 2011.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Occupy Harvard」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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